Definition:
Let $ \mathbb{A}=(A_1,\ldots,A_n)$ be the supports of the polynomials in $ f=(f_1,\ldots,f_k)$ . Any nonzero vector $ w$ defines the face system

$\displaystyle \partial_w f =(\partial_w f_1,\ldots,\partial_w f_k)$   with$\displaystyle \quad \partial_w f_i=\sum_{a\in \partial_w A_i}c_a x^a
$

whose supports $ \partial_w\mathbb{A}=(\partial_w A_1,\ldots,\partial_w A_n)$ span faces of the corresponding Newton polytopes. I.e.

$\displaystyle \partial_w A_i := \{ a \in A_i\: :\: \langle a,w \rangle$   min$\displaystyle _{a'\in A_i}\langle a',w \rangle\}  .
$

Theroem: [Bernshtein's second theorem]
If $ \forall w\neq 0$ , $ \partial_w f =0$ has no solution in $ (\mathbb{C}^*)^n$ , then the mixed volume of the Newton polytopes of the $ f_i$ gives the exact number of common zeros in $ (\mathbb{C}^*)^n$ and all solutions are isolated. Otherwise it is a strict upper bound.




Reinhard Steffens 2007-07-30